L2C language for Embedded MCUs
Learning how to program a Microcontroller (especially the Cortex-M based ones)
Objectives
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- Convenient course material with space for taking notes
- Example code, labs and solutions
- A STM32F2 (Cortex-M3) Board for Labs
- A PC for two trainees with the free System Workbench for STM32 IDE to flash and debug applications
- Basic knowledge of C language (or another low-level language)
- Knowledge of binary arithmetic
- The knowledge of embedded processor philosophy is recommended
- Cours théorique
- Support imprimé et PDF (en anglais).
- Assistance du formateur tout au long de la formation.
- Activités pratiques (40-50% de la durée)
- Exemples de code, exercices et solutions.
- Un PC (un par binôme au-delà de 6 stagiaires) avec carte cible si nécessaire.
- Machine virtuelle préconfigurée téléchargeable pour refaire les TP après le cours.
- Chaque session débute par un point avec les stagiaires.
- Tout ingénieur ou technicien en systèmes embarqués possédant les prérequis ci-dessus.
- Les prérequis sont évalués avant la formation.
- Les progrès sont évalués par le formateur via les exercices pratiques, et par des quizz pour les sections sans exercices.
- Chaque stagiaire reçoit une attestation de réussite.
- En cas de prérequis manquant, une formation différente ou complémentaire est proposée.
Plan du cours
- Using cross compilation
- Compiler, Assembler and Linker Purpose
- C source program structure
- Preprocessor
- #define, #include instructions
- Writing Macros with precaution
- Writing Header files with precaution
- Reviewing the different object file sections
- Library inclusion
- Startup file
- GCC compiler options
- Configuring the linker to place code and data in the memory, executing code from RAM
- Makefile
| Exercise : | Following the different build steps of a simple program | |
| Exercise : | Working with Conditional Compilation | |
| Exercise : | Working with the linker, placing code and data in the memory | |
- Creating a project from scratch
- Debug probe
- Communicating with the Target
- Debugger Windows : Source (C and Disassembly), Memory, Stack, Variables, Registers
- Breakpoints
- Variable storage class (static, automatic, register et extern) with their location and lifetime
- Local and global variable declaration
- Scalar types (char, halfword, int, float and double)
- Constants
- Strings
- Type conversion, casting
- The volatile attribute
- C operators (logical, arithmetical and relational)
- Operator priority
| Exercise : | Working with types and operators | |
- If/else structure
- Switch/case structure
- While, do/while and for loopf
- Break, continue and go instructions
| Exercise : | Working with control structures | |
- Pointer definition
- Pointer Initialization, pointer access, pointer operations
- Constant and volatile pointer
- The restrict attribute
- One- and Multi-dimensional arrays
- Array initialization, array access, array operations
- Pointer array
| Exercise : | Working with pointers | |
| Exercise : | Working with arrays | |
- Structure variable declaration
- Structure variable pointer declaration
- Structure field access
- Padding, #pragma pack compilation directive
- Big and little endian format
- Bit field structure declaration
- Modeling peripheral register
- Structure array
- Typedef type
- Enum type
- Union declaration
- Union intitialization and operation
| Exercise : | Modeling a STM32F2 timer to program it | |
- Function prototype (arguments, return value)
- Function definition and declaration
- Function visibility
- Function pointer
- Function call
- Passing parameter
- Stack operation
- Stack frame, call stack
- The recursivity and the stack
- Macro vs function
- Pipeline and branch
- Function inlining
- Interfacing C and Assembler
| Exercise : | Passing parameter to function | |
| Exercise : | Analyzing the stack utilization | |
- Stdio library
- Getchar and putchar functions
- Memcpy function
- Printf and scanf functions
- File access function review
- Programming FIFOs
- Programming Linked list (simple and double)
| Exercise : | Working with linked list | |
- Dynamic allocation functions: malloc, free function
- Sizeof operator
- Dynamic memory allocation vs static memory allocation
- Stack vs Heap
- Memory management algorithms overview
- Buddy System
- Best fit / First Fit
- Pools Management
- Memory management errors
| Exercise : | Using dynamic allocation | |
- Peripheral Programming
- Peripheral register access and Memory access
- Signed vs unsigned
- Memory latency
- Cache
- Synchronization
- Interruption necessity in an embedded context
- Level and pulse triggered interrupts
- Interrupt clearance
- Interrupt handler writing
- Vector table
- Vector installation
- V7-M Architecture Overview
- Harvard Architecture, I-Code, D-Code and System Bus
- Registers (Two stacks pointers)
- States
- Different Running-modes and Privileged Levels
- System Control Block
- Systick Timer
- Alignment and Endianness
- CMSIS Library
- Exception / Interrupt Mechanism Overview
- Vector Table
- Interrut entry and return Overview
- Tail-Chaining
- Pre-emption (Nesting)
- NVIC Integrated Interrupt Controller
- Exception Priority Management
- Debug Interface Ovevriew
- Clarifying the boot sequence
| Exercise : | Timer Interrupt Management | |
- Compiler optimizations
- Mixing C and Assembly
- AAPCS
- Function inlining
- Unaligned Accesses, padding
- Local and global data issues, alignment, Structure
| Exercise : | Interfacing C and Assembler | |
| Exercise : | Demo: Long Branch, Function inlining, padding | |
- ARM core based architecture
- Description of STM32F407X SoC architecture
- Clarifying the internal data and instruction paths: Bus Matrix, AHB-lite interconnect, peripheral buses, AHB-to-APB bridges, DMAs
- Memory Organization
- Flash memory read interface
- Adaptive Real-Time memory accelerator, instruction prefetch queue and branch cache
- Sector and mass erase
- Internal SRAMs
- Concurrent access to 112 KB and 16 KB blocks
- SoC mapping
- Flash Programming methods
- Boot Configuration
- Power, Reset and Clocking Overview
- DMA Overview
- UART Overview
| Exercise : | Get Metrics for a data copy using the DMA or not | |
| Exercise : | Programming the UART to redirect the printf on the serial port | |
| Exercise : | Displaying ADC value on LCD | |
Plus d'information
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Ce cours peut être dispensé dans notre centre de formation près de Paris ou dans vos locaux, en France ou dans le monde entier.
Les sessions inter-entreprises programmées sont ouvertes dès deux inscrits. Sous condition d'un dossier complet, les inscriptions sont acceptées jusqu'à une semaine avant le début de la formation.
Dernière mise à jour du plan de cours : 20 mai 2026
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